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Knowledge articles (40)

Festival customs

Ông Công Ông Táo: The Kitchen Gods' Journey to Heaven on the 23rd of the 12th Lunar Month

Learn about the legend of the Kitchen Gods, the meaning of the ông Công ông Táo ceremony on the 23rd of the 12th lunar month, the carp-releasing custom, and how to prepare the offering.

Folk belief

The Worship of Ca Ong: The Guardian Deity of Central Vietnamese Fishermen

Discover the worship of Ca Ong (whale) among central Vietnamese fishermen: its origins, rituals, tomb architecture, scientific perspectives, and maritime cultural significance.

Traditional festivals

The Whale Worship Belief and Nghinh Ong Festival of Coastal Fishermen

Explore the whale worship belief of Vietnamese fishermen, from its origins, burial rituals, taboos to the typical Nghinh Ong festivals in Nghe An, Can Tho and other coastal regions.

Folk belief

Whale Worship (Cá Ông) Among Vietnamese Fishing Communities

Cá Ông worship venerates whales as guardian spirits among fishing communities on Vietnam's central and southern coasts. Explore its Cham origins, lăng Ông shrines, the Nghinh Ông festival, and maritime culture.

Folk belief

The Worship of Ong Ta in Southern Vietnamese Folk Culture

Explore the origins, meanings, and rituals of worshipping Ong Ta, a familiar land-protecting deity in Southern Vietnamese folk beliefs, rooted in Khmer culture.

Traditional festivals

Nghinh Ong Song Doc Festival - The Largest Sea Festival in Ca Mau

Discover the Nghinh Ong Song Doc Festival, the largest sea festival in Ca Mau with the sacred whale procession ritual, reflecting the whale worship belief of fishermen in the Western Sea region.

Folk belief

The Origins of the Worship of Thần Tài - Ông Địa in Vietnamese Culture

Discover the origins, meanings, and transformations of the worship of Thần Tài (God of Wealth) and Ông Địa (Earth God) in Vietnamese culture, from agricultural beliefs to the market economy.

Historical figures

The Worship of Ong Hoang Bay - the National Defense General at Bao Ha Temple

Discover the details of the worship of Ong Hoang Bay at Bao Ha Temple (Lao Cai), from its historical origins, the role of the national defense general of the Le Dynasty to the rituals and spiritual cultural significance for the Vietnamese people.

Folk belief

Ông Địa and Thần Tài: The Earth God and God of Wealth in Household Worship

Ông Địa (Earth God) and Thần Tài (God of Wealth) are the most commonly co-worshipped household deities in Vietnam. Learn their origins, meaning, altar arrangement, and why shopkeepers revere them.

Life-cycle rites

Mo Muong in Funerals: The Mo Verses That Guide the Muong People Back to Their Ancestors

Discover the role of Mo Muong in funerals, the mo verses that guide the souls of the Muong people to Muong Troi, along with the cultural values and challenges of preserving this heritage.

Tet and seasonal rites

How to Prepare and Perform the Kitchen Gods' Offering on the 23rd of the Twelfth Lunar Month According to Customs of Three Regions

A detailed guide on preparing the offering tray, the ritual sequence, and the ceremonies for the Kitchen Gods on the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, following common customs in Northern, Central, and Southern Vietnam.

Regional comparison

Comparing the Kitchen Gods worship customs across regions

Explore the fascinating differences in the Kitchen Gods worship customs on the 23rd day of the 12th lunar month among the North, Central, and South regions of Vietnam, from timing and offerings to distinctive rituals.

Regional comparison

Differences in the Kitchen Gods worship customs across three regions

Explore the interesting differences in the Kitchen Gods worship customs on the 23rd day of the last lunar month among the North, Central, and South regions of Vietnam: from offerings, timing to distinctive rituals.

Life-cycle rites

Cap Sac Ceremony of the Dao People: The Most Sacred Coming-of-Age Ritual in a Man's Life

Discover the humanistic significance and distinctive rituals of the Cap Sac ceremony of the Dao Dau Bang people in Lai Chau, a rite marking the sacred transition of men before ancestors, deities, and the community.

Tet and seasonal rites

Ramưwan Festival: The fasting month and grave-visiting ceremony of the Cham Bani

The Ramưwan festival of the Cham Bani people is an occasion for grave-visiting, ancestral worship, and a month-long period of fasting, expressing filial piety and reverence for one's roots.

Traditional festivals

National Mong Ethnic Culture Festival: Highland Colors Converge

Discover the National Mong Ethnic Culture Festival in detail: its purpose, scale, unique activities, and significance in preserving the Mong ethnic cultural identity in Vietnam.

Folk belief

Mo Muong and the Epic 'Đẻ đất đẻ nước' - A Folk Encyclopedia

Discover Mo Muong, the intangible cultural heritage of the Muong people, through the lens of the epic 'Đẻ đất đẻ nước' - a monumental folk encyclopedia of history, beliefs, and the community's philosophy of life.

Vietnamese astrology

Sao Mộ in the Trường Sinh Cycle: Meaning of Each Stage in the Destiny Chart

Explore the detailed meaning of the Sao Mộ star in the 12 stages of the Trường Sinh cycle in Tử vi astrology, from Trường Sinh to Mộ, to deeply interpret fortune and personality.

I Ching

Hexagram Mountain over Water (Meng) in the I Ching: The Origin and Meaning of Innocence

Explore Hexagram 4 (Mountain over Water) in the I Ching: its origin from the combination of Water (Kan) and Mountain (Gen), the meaning of innocence, the stage of enlightenment, and guidance on how to act when facing immaturity and ignorance.

Tet and seasonal rites

The 15th Day of the Tenth Lunar Month - Tet Ha Nguyen: The Rice Harvest Thanksgiving Festival Few Still Remember

Discover the profound meaning of Tet Ha Nguyen (the 15th day of the tenth lunar month), one of Vietnam's four traditional lunar festivals, tied to the new rice celebration and thanksgiving to heaven and earth.

Vietnamese astrology

Moc Duc Star in the Trường Sinh Cycle: Meaning at Each Stage in the Chart

Explore details about the Moc Duc star in the Trường Sinh Cycle: its origin, mechanism, meaning at the 12 stages, and its influence on each palace in the Zi Wei chart.

Historical figures

Chu Van An (born 1292): The Teacher of All Generations and the Temple on Phoenix Mountain

Explore the life, career and character of Chu Van An, the greatest teacher in Vietnamese educational history, along with the architecture and spiritual value of his temple on Phoenix Mountain, Hai Duong.

Psychology

The 1948 Forer Experiment: A Whole Class Received the Same Personality Description and Everyone Felt It Was Accurate, Plus How to Test It Yourself in Ten Minutes

In 1948, Bertram Forer gave 39 students the identical personality description taken from an astrology book, and the class still rated it highly accurate.

Historical figures

The Death Anniversary of Le Thanh Hau Nguyen Huu Canh: The Pioneer of Southern Vietnam and the Journey from Folk Ritual to National Heritage

Discover the death anniversary ceremony of Le Thanh Hau Nguyen Huu Canh, a ritual honoring the pioneer of Southern Vietnam, recognized as a National Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2025.

Historical figures

Ky Yen Festival at Thoai Ngoc Hau Communal House in An Giang: A Cultural Beauty Commemorating the Pioneer

Explore the Ky Yen festival at Thoai Ngoc Hau communal house in An Giang: traditional rituals, historical values, and cultural significance in commemorating the merits of a Nguyen dynasty mandarin who pioneered the southern region.

Folk belief

Worshipping the God of Wealth on the 10th Day of the First Lunar Month: Origins and How to Prepare the Offering Tray

A detailed guide to worshipping the God of Wealth on the 10th day of the first lunar month: origins, meaning, a checklist of offerings, step-by-step instructions, and a reference prayer.

Tet and seasonal rites

Ramưwan Festival (Month of Fasting and Contemplation) of the Cham Bàni Community: A Cultural Beauty Toward the Roots

Discover the Ramưwan Festival, the traditional New Year of the Cham Bàni community in Ninh Thuận, with its rituals of grave visiting, ancestral offerings, and a humanistic month of fasting and contemplation.

Historical figures

Ngo Quyen and the 938 Battle of Bach Dang: From Tu Luong Xam to the New Temple in Co Loa

Explore the life and career of Ngo Quyen, the 938 Battle of Bach Dang, and the journey from Tu Luong Xam to the new temple in Co Loa, reflecting the gratitude of later generations.

Philosophy of science

Karl Popper's Falsifiability: A Conjecture That Cannot Be Wrong Says Nothing

Falsifiability is Karl Popper's criterion for separating science from non-science. This article explains the principle, the astrology example, and the main criticisms.

Folk belief

Hungry Ghost Festival on the 15th Day of the 7th Lunar Month: The Meaning of the 'Absolution of the Dead' Ritual in Folk Belief

Explore the deep meaning of the Hungry Ghost Festival on the 15th day of the 7th lunar month (Vu Lan/Ulambana), its Buddhist and Taoist origins, along with unique rituals, offerings, and folk beliefs of Vietnamese people.

Life-cycle rites

Pơ Thi (Grave-Leaving Ceremony) and the Art of Tomb Houses of the Gia Rai People

Discover the profound humanistic meaning of the Pơ Thi grave-leaving ceremony, where the Gia Rai bid farewell to the deceased to the world of Yàng, and admire the unique tomb-house sculpture art rich in cultural value.

Folk divination

Dream interpretation in Vietnamese folklore: from traditional beliefs to a scientific perspective

Explore dream interpretation in Vietnamese folklore, from spiritual omens to how modern science explains dreams.

Traditional food

Three Offering Trays on the 15th Day of the 7th Lunar Month: Offerings to Buddha, Ancestors, and Wandering Souls

Discover the meanings and arrangements of the three offering trays on the 15th day of the 7th lunar month: a pure vegetarian tray for Buddha, a full tray for ancestors, and a tray with distinctive offerings for wandering souls.

Traditional festivals

Do Son Buffalo Fighting Festival: Origins, Rituals and Modern Controversies

Explore the origins, rituals and modern controversies of the Do Son buffalo fighting festival (Hai Phong), a national intangible cultural heritage rich in spirituality and martial spirit.

Folk belief

The Mother Goddess Worship of Tam Phu and the Hau Dong Ritual in Vietnamese Spiritual Life

Explore the origins, divine pantheon, humanistic values, and the distinctive Hau Dong ritual of the Mother Goddess Worship of Tam Phu, an intangible cultural heritage of humanity recognized by UNESCO.

Historical figures

Ba Chua Xu of Sam Mountain: From Southern Folk Belief to Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity

Explore the journey of the Ba Chua Xu of Sam Mountain belief, from a Southern Vietnamese folk belief to being inscribed by UNESCO as Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2024.

Festival customs

Mid-Autumn Festival: Origins, Mooncakes and Vietnam's Children's Festival

Explore the origins of Vietnam's Mid-Autumn Festival on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month, the meaning of mooncakes, lanterns, lion dances and its role as the children's festival.

Historical figures

Chu Dong Tu - Tien Dung: A Legend of Love and One of Vietnam's Four Immortal Saints

Explore the legend of Chu Dong Tu - Tien Dung, a love story transcending class, their path to deification, and their place among the Four Immortals with notable festivals.

Human Design

The Nine Centers on a Human Design Chart: What Defined and Undefined Centers Mean

The nine Human Design centers include defined (colored) and undefined (white) centers. This article explains the mechanism, how to read a chart, and the system's limits.

Folk belief

Mother Goddess Worship of the Three Palaces: UNESCO Heritage and Harmful Distortions to Distinguish

Mother Goddess Worship of the Three Palaces was inscribed by UNESCO in 2016, encompassing chau van ritual singing, spirit possession, and the Three Mother Goddesses of sky, forest, and water.