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Knowledge articles (40)

Ethnic minority customs

What Makes the Customs of Vietnam's Ethnic Minorities So Distinctive?

Vietnam's ethnic minorities have their own marriage rites, house-building practices and worship, shaped by environment and indigenous beliefs.

Traditional festivals

National Mong Ethnic Culture Festival: Highland Colors Converge

The National Mong Ethnic Culture Festival rotates among provinces with large Mong populations. Its 4th edition is in Dien Bien in October 2026.

Folk belief

Rain Prayer Ceremony and Village Cleansing Ritual in the Lo Lo Cultural Festival

The Lo Lo people of Meo Vac, Ha Giang reenacted their Rain Prayer and Village Cleansing rituals at the 2024 Lo Lo Cultural Festival.

Ethnic minority customs

Chicken Feet Divination at Tet: The Custom of Predicting Crop Fortune Among Ethnic Minorities

Chicken feet divination at Tet and the new rice ceremony of ethnic minorities aims to predict fate and crops for the new year.

Ethnic minority customs

The Rong House in the Cultural Life of the Central Highlands Ethnic Groups

The Rong house is the cultural and spiritual heart of Central Highlands villages, hosting rituals, dispute resolution, and production planning.

Folk belief

The Worship of Ong Ta in Southern Vietnamese Folk Culture

The worship of Ong Ta, a land-protecting deity in Southern Vietnam, comes from the Khmer Neak Ta and reflects Viet-Khmer cultural exchange.

Vietnam's ethnic communities

Vietnam's Community of 54 Ethnic Groups: Official List, Distribution and Shared Cultural Traits

Vietnam recognises 54 ethnic groups under the 1979 official list, with the Kinh majority and 53 minority groups spread across all regions.

Folk belief

Rain Praying Festival of the Thai Ethnic People: Agricultural Beliefs and Cultural Identity

Explore the rain praying festival of the Thai people in Northwest Vietnam: origins, rituals, spiritual meanings, and its role in agricultural community life.

Historical figures

Nguyen Trung Truc Memorial Festival in Kien Giang: A 156-Year Cultural Tradition

The Nguyen Trung Truc Memorial Festival in Kien Giang runs each year from the 26th to 28th of the 8th lunar month, honoring the hero who died in 1868.

Vietnam's ethnic communities

The Hoa (also called Han) ethnic group: residence, language, worship customs, and main festivals

The Hoa (Han) are one of Vietnam's 54 ethnic groups: where they live, their language, ancestor worship customs, and festivals like Tet Nguyen tieu.

Vietnam's ethnic communities

The Ma Ethnic Group: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals

The Ma live in Lam Dong and Dong Nai, speak a Mon-Khmer language with no script, worship Yang spirits and hold a buffalo sacrifice after harvest.

Vietnam's ethnic communities

The Brau People: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals

The Brau are one of Vietnam's 54 ethnic groups, living mainly in Kon Tum. This article covers their language, worship customs, festivals and cultural life.

Vietnam's ethnic communities

The Co Ho People: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals

The Co Ho live mainly in Lam Dong, speak a Mon-Khmer language, follow a matrilineal system and worship Yang and Cha spirits.

Vietnam's ethnic communities

The Giẻ Triêng People: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals

The Giẻ Triêng live around the Ngọc Linh massif, speak a Môn Khơ Me language, worship many spirits and keep farming rites tied to the swidden cycle.

Folk belief

The Animistic Spiritual Life of the Bru-Van Kieu People

The Bru-Van Kieu of the Truong Son mountains follow animism, believing all things have a soul. Shamans link humans to the spirit world in rituals.

Vietnam's ethnic communities

The Pu Peo People: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals

The Pu Peo number 903 people as of 2019, living in Ha Giang and speaking a Ka Dai language. Learn their worship customs, weddings, funerals and Tet festivals.

Vietnam's ethnic communities

La Ha People: Residence, Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals

The La Ha people live in Yen Bai and Son La, with a 2019 population of 10,157. Their housing, marriage and worship customs are covered here.

Traditional food

Traditional Cuisine in the Cultural Festivals of the Cho Ro People

Explore the role of traditional cuisine in Cho Ro cultural festivals, from canh boi, com lam to five-color sticky rice, along with its significance for preservation and community tourism development.

Vietnam's ethnic communities

The Hre People: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals

The Hre live in western Quang Ngai and An Lao in Binh Dinh, speak a Mon-Khmer language and hold the buffalo sacrifice as their largest rite.

Historical figures

Lady Trieu - Trieu Thi Trinh (born 226): National heroine and her temple on Gai Mountain, Thanh Hoa

Lady Trieu, born Trieu Thi Trinh in 226, led the 248 uprising against Wu rule. Her temple on Gai Mountain, Thanh Hoa, keeps national heritage festivals.

Traditional festivals

Dien Bien Ban Flower Festival - A Cultural Symbol of the Northwest

Explore the Dien Bien Ban Flower Festival, a unique cultural event recreating traditional rituals of Northwest ethnic groups like Thai, Mong, Dao, and Ha Nhi.

Vietnam's ethnic communities

The Lo Lo People: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals

The Lo Lo live in Ha Giang, Cao Bang and Lao Cai, speak a Tibeto-Burman language, and are split into the Flowery Lo Lo and Black Lo Lo.

Vietnam's ethnic communities

The Khơ Mú People: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs, and Main Festivals

The Khơ Mú speak a Mon-Khmer language and live in Yên Bái, Sơn La, Lai Châu, Thanh Hóa and Nghệ An, worshipping five spirits.

Traditional crafts

Van Thang Agarwood Carving Village in Khanh Hoa

Van Thang agarwood carving in Van Ninh, Khanh Hoa is a family trade over 100 years old, with 400 households and 700 workers, now eyed for community tourism.

Vietnam's ethnic communities

Bru - Van Kieu People: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs, and Main Festivals

The Bru - Van Kieu people number 94,598 and live along the Truong Son range in Quang Binh, Quang Tri, and Thua Thien Hue.

Vietnam's ethnic communities

Comparing Lunar New Year of the Kinh, Chol Chnam Thmay of the Khmer, and Ethnic Groups Celebrating New Year by Their Own Calendars

Comparing Lunar New Year of the Kinh, Chol Chnam Thmay of the Khmer, and ethnic groups with their own calendars: timing, offerings, rituals, and names.

Vietnam's ethnic communities

The Xinh Mun People: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs, and Main Festivals

The Xinh Mun speak a Mon-Khmer language and live mainly in Son La and Lai Chau, with bridegroom service and two-generation ancestor worship.

Vietnam's ethnic communities

Ba Na Ethnic Group: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals

The Ba Na live in Gia Lai, Kon Tum and western Binh Dinh, Phu Yen and Khanh Hoa, speak a Mon-Khmer language and keep many community festivals.

Vietnam's ethnic communities

The Phu La People: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals

The Phu La people include the Phu La Lao, Phu La Den and Phu La Han groups, living in Ha Giang, Lao Cai, Yen Bai and Lai Chau.

Vietnam's ethnic communities

The Ngái People: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals

The Ngái are one of Vietnam's 54 ethnic groups, with a very small population living scattered across Quảng Ninh, Hải Phòng, Bắc Giang, Lạng Sơn and Cao Bằng.

Vietnam's ethnic communities

The San Diu Ethnic Group: Where They Live, Their Language, Customs of Worship and Main Festivals

The San Diu are one of Vietnam's 54 ethnic groups, speaking a Guangdong Chinese dialect in the northern midlands, with distinctive worship customs.

Vietnam's ethnic communities

The Mang Ethnic Group: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals

The Mang are one of Vietnam's 54 ethnic groups, living mainly in Lai Chau and speaking a Mon-Khmer language. Their worship customs and festivals are covered.

Vietnam's ethnic communities

Dao Ethnic Group: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals

The Dao are one of Vietnam's 54 ethnic groups. Where they live, their Hmong-Dao language, ancestor and Ban Vuong worship, and cap sac rites.

Vietnam's ethnic communities

The Nung People: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs, and Main Festivals

The Nung live mainly in Vietnam's northeastern provinces and speak a Tay-Thai language. Their customs center on ancestor worship and festivals.

Ethnic minority customs

The Grain Bin Binding Ritual - A Traditional Cultural Feature of the Nung People

The grain bin binding ritual of the Nung people in Bac Kan is a longevity celebration within the Ky Yen ceremony, wishing elders long life.

Vietnam's ethnic communities

Si La people: residence, language, worship customs and main festivals

The Si La people live in Muong Te, Lai Chau, speak a Tibeto-Burman language, worship ancestors, and hold the altar rite, New Year and new rice festivals.

Ethnic minority customs

The Custom of Black Teeth Staining and Unique Cultural Traits of the Lu People

Explore the custom of black teeth staining, once a beauty standard of the Lu people in Lai Chau, along with other unique cultural values being preserved.

Vietnam's ethnic communities

The Ra Glai People: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs, and Main Festivals

The Ra Glai live in south-central Vietnam, speak a Malayo-Polynesian language, and hold farming rituals and worship customs.

Vietnam's ethnic communities

Chu Ru people: where they live, their language, worship customs and main festivals

The Chu Ru are one of Vietnam's 54 ethnic groups, living in Lam Dong and Ninh Thuan and speaking a Malayo-Polynesian language.

Vietnam's ethnic communities

Muong Ethnic Group: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals

The Muong ethnic group speaks a Viet-Muong language and lives mainly in Hoa Binh, Thanh Hoa and Phu Tho, with mo epics, festivals and worship customs.