First Outing and First Calligraphy: A New Year's Beginning
For Vietnamese people, the first day of Tet (Lunar New Year) marks a sacred moment of harmony between heaven and earth. Actions taken on this day are believed to influence luck and prosperity for the entire year. Two significant customs are "xuat hanh" (first outing of the year) and "khai but" (first calligraphy of the year).
Choosing Directions and Times for the First Outing
"Xuat hanh" refers to the first step out of one's home in the new year. The elder generation believed that a smooth start leads to a favorable year, as the proverb says, "If the beginning is smooth, the ending will be successful." This practice is considered sacred, requiring solemnity and sincerity.
Traditionally, people consult the lunar calendar to select auspicious times and directions. Based on classical texts, each day of Tet has specific favorable directions determined by the positions of deities:
| Day of Tet | Direction of Hy Than (Joy Deity) | Direction of Tai Than (Wealth Deity) |
|---|---|---|
| Day 1 | Northeast | Southeast |
| Day 2 | Northwest | Southeast |
| Day 3 | Southwest | Southeast |
These directions may vary each year, so consulting a detailed lunar calendar is recommended. The chosen direction should also align with the homeowner's age and destiny. Importantly, one should maintain a cheerful mood, speak kindly, and focus on praying for peace and blessings rather than solely material wealth.
The Art of First Calligraphy
"Khai but" is crucial for scholars, writers, and students. Typically performed on the 2nd day of Tet, the ritual involves burning incense before the family altar, then using a new pen and red paper (symbolizing luck) to write the first characters of the year. The content often includes auspicious words like "Phuc" (Blessing), "Loc" (Fortune), or poetic couplets expressing hopes for the new year. Using old paper or a blunt pen is considered taboo, as it reflects poorly on one's respect for writing.
Taboos and Modern Adaptations
Traditional customs advised returning home by evening during the first three days of Tet to avoid the bad omen of "leaving without returning." However, modern lifestyles have adapted this practice to accommodate travel plans. Newer considerations include avoiding alcohol before the outing and maintaining a positive attitude to ensure good fortune for oneself and the community. For calligraphy, writing vulgar content or doing it carelessly is strictly avoided. The focus remains on starting the year with positive energy, respect for tradition, and sincere wishes for a prosperous year ahead.
