The Mong ethnic group (also called Meo, H'Mong): residence, language, worship customs, and main festivals
The Mong ethnic group (Meo, H'Mong) had 1,393,547 people in the 2019 census, including White, Flowered, Red, Black, and Green Mong subgroups.
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Yes. "Mèo" is another name that used to be commonly used to refer to the Mông ethnic group, alongside other names such as Mẹo, Mán, Miếu Hạ and Mán Trắng. The official name in the List of Ethnic Groups of Vietnam is HMông, usually written as Mông. The White Mông, Flower Mông, Red Mông, Black Mông and Green Mông groups are branches within the Mông ethnic group itself, not separate ethnic groups.
From the article “The Mong ethnic group (also called Meo, H'Mong): residence, language, worship customs, and main festivals”
The Mong ethnic group (Meo, H'Mong) had 1,393,547 people in the 2019 census, including White, Flowered, Red, Black, and Green Mong subgroups.
The National Mong Ethnic Culture Festival rotates among provinces with large Mong populations. Its 4th edition is in Điện Biên in October 2026.
Explore the Điện Biên Ban Flower Festival, a unique cultural event recreating traditional rituals of Northwest ethnic groups like Thai, Mong, Dao, and Hà Nhì.
Vietnam recognises 54 ethnic groups under the 1979 official list, with the Kinh majority and 53 minority groups spread across all regions.
Vietnamese worship customs vary by region and ethnicity through environment, migration, and cultural exchange, not through one practice being more correct.
Vietnam's ethnic minorities have their own marriage rites, house-building practices and worship, shaped by environment and indigenous beliefs.
The O Du people speak a Mon-Khmer language and live mainly in Tương Dương, Nghệ An, known for the thunder welcoming festival and the house spirit cult.
The Ngái are one of Vietnam's 54 ethnic groups, with a very small population living scattered across Quảng Ninh, Hải Phòng, Bắc Giang, Lạng Sơn and Cao Bằng.
The Khmer (Khơ Me) numbered 1,319,652 in the 2019 survey, live mainly in the Mekong Delta, speak a Mon-Khmer language, and worship Buddha and ancestors.
Vietnam's Thai ethnic group includes the Black and White branches, speaks the Tay-Thai language, lives in ban-muong villages, and worships ancestors.
The Lao in Vietnam call themselves Thay and Thay Duồn, speak a Tay-Thai language, live in Điện Biên, Lai Châu and Sơn La, and keep ancestor altars.
The Bo Y ethnic group includes the Bo Y and Tu Dí subgroups in Hà Giang and Lào Cai, with two language families and distinct worship and festival customs.
The Muong ethnic group speaks a Viet-Muong language and lives mainly in Hòa Bình, Thanh Hóa and Phú Thọ, with mo epics, festivals and worship customs.
The Dao are one of Vietnam's 54 ethnic groups. Where they live, their Hmong-Dao language, ancestor and Bàn Vương worship, and cap sac rites.
The Ruc, a Chut subgroup in the Trường Sơn mountains, worship mountain and forest deities and hold that the dead return to the sacred forest.
The Tay are Vietnam's largest ethnic minority. They live in northeastern valleys, speak a Tay-Thai language, worship ancestors, and hold long tong festivals.
Vietnam's Cong people live mainly in Lai Châu, speak a Tibeto-Burman language and keep ancestor worship and their own festivals.
The Ba Na live in Gia Lai, Kon Tum and western Bình Định, Phú Yên and Khánh Hoà, speak a Mon-Khmer language and keep many community festivals.
The Hoa (Han) are one of Vietnam's 54 ethnic groups: where they live, their language, ancestor worship customs, and festivals like Tết Nguyên tieu.
The Mang are one of Vietnam's 54 ethnic groups, living mainly in Lai Châu and speaking a Mon-Khmer language. Their worship customs and festivals are covered.
The Xơ Đăng include the Xơ Teng, Tơ Đrá, Mnam, Ca Dong, Ha Lăng, Tà Trĩ and Chau subgroups in Kon Tum, Quảng Nam and Quảng Ngãi, with worship of Kiak spirits.
The Ma live in Lâm Đồng and Đồng Nai, speak a Mon-Khmer language with no script, worship Yang spirits and hold a buffalo sacrifice after harvest.
The Sán Dìu are one of Vietnam's 54 ethnic groups, speaking a Guangdong Chinese dialect in the northern midlands, with distinctive worship customs.
Which peoples in Vietnam keep their own New Year apart from Tết Nguyên Đán? The Mông, Hà Nhì, Khmer, Chăm and others, as reported in the press.
Ancient leaf books of the May people, a Chut subgroup, held incantations and ritual texts, and the artisans who can read them have nearly vanished.
Explore the rain praying festival of the Thai people in Northwest Vietnam: origins, rituals, spiritual meanings, and its role in agricultural community life.
The Kinh (Viet) are 86.83% of Vietnam's population and speak Vietnamese of the Việt Mường group. Their villages and ancestor worship are covered here.
The Lự people speak a Tày-Thái language and live mainly in Lai Châu, with worship customs and festivals tied to their own calendar.
The Lô Lô live in Hà Giang, Cao Bằng and Lào Cai, speak a Tibeto-Burman language, and are split into the Flowery Lô Lô and Black Lô Lô.
The Ha Nhi live along Vietnam's Chinese and Lao borders in Lai Châu and Lào Cai, speak a Tibeto-Burman language and worship ancestors by household.
The Gầu Tào Festival of the Hmong in Lào Cai gives thanks once prayers for children are fulfilled, with the Neu pole ritual and khen dancing.
Chu Công giải mộng classes dreaming of losing teeth as an ill omen, yet Việt Nam phong tục notes a variant: losing teeth without blood means wealth.
Giai mong truyen is a Vietnamese story type built on a dream and its reading. This covers its origins, mechanisms, dream categories and how dreams were read.
Chu Công giải mộng is an anonymous folk dream-interpretation book, not the Duke of Zhou's work. This piece covers its origins, structure, and how to read it.
Dreaming of gold, silver or money in Chu Công giải mộng: the original lines of its gold and silver section, picking up money, sharing wealth, seasons.
Chu Công giải mộng has no line for dreaming you are pregnant; it reads birth omens from other images: the sun in the bosom, a newborn, lost clothes.
Nào Pê Chầu, the Mông New Year, falls a month before Tết Nguyên Đán: sweeping the soot, the Xử Ka offering, the year-end meal and fetching new water.
Dreaming of the dead, of deceased relatives: which lines Chu Công giải mộng records, which are good omens, which are bad, read from the original book.
What does dreaming of a snake mean in Chu Công giải mộng? We read the source lines and separate the book's words from folk belief and modern readings.
Hexagram 4 of the I Ching, Mountain over Water, comes from Kan and Gen and speaks of innocence, enlightenment, and acting amid immaturity.
Explore the unique wedding customs of the Muong people in Thanh Hóa: from elopement and ancestor worship to bride-price negotiations and wedding day taboos.
The Rong house is the cultural and spiritual heart of Central Highlands villages, hosting rituals, dispute resolution, and production planning.
Tay weddings move through proposal, engagement, Tet visit and the wedding, with the matrilocal custom of a bride staying with her mother until pregnancy.
Vietnamese folk reading of fish dreams, giải mộng du ngư, covers the omens drawn from dreaming of fish, plus how modern science views these dreams.
Chicken feet divination at Tet and the new rice ceremony of ethnic minorities aims to predict fate and crops for the new year.
The Ra Glai live in south-central Vietnam, speak a Malayo-Polynesian language, and hold farming rituals and worship customs.