The O Du Ethnic Group: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals
The O Du people speak a Mon-Khmer language and live mainly in Tuong Duong, Nghe An, known for the thunder welcoming festival and the house spirit cult.
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The festival aims to honor, preserve, and promote the traditional cultural values of the Mong people, strengthen national unity, and promote the image, culture, and tourism potential of regions with large Mong populations.
From the article “National Mong Ethnic Culture Festival: Highland Colors Converge”
The O Du people speak a Mon-Khmer language and live mainly in Tuong Duong, Nghe An, known for the thunder welcoming festival and the house spirit cult.
The National Mong Ethnic Culture Festival rotates among provinces with large Mong populations. Its 4th edition is in Dien Bien in October 2026.
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The 12th Tam Giac Mach Flower Festival opens on 6 November 2026 in Dong Van, Tuyen Quang, with blooms from October to December.
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Vietnam recognises 54 ethnic groups under the 1979 official list, with the Kinh majority and 53 minority groups spread across all regions.
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The Ma live in Lam Dong and Dong Nai, speak a Mon-Khmer language with no script, worship Yang spirits and hold a buffalo sacrifice after harvest.
The Dao are one of Vietnam's 54 ethnic groups. Where they live, their Hmong-Dao language, ancestor and Ban Vuong worship, and cap sac rites.
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Explore the rain praying festival of the Thai people in Northwest Vietnam: origins, rituals, spiritual meanings, and its role in agricultural community life.
The Ruc, a Chut subgroup in the Truong Son mountains, worship mountain and forest deities and hold that the dead return to the sacred forest.
Chicken feet divination at Tet and the new rice ceremony of ethnic minorities aims to predict fate and crops for the new year.
Northwest Vietnam culture covers ethnic communities, harvest rituals, seasonal festivals and crafts like weaving, embroidery, forging and silver carving.
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The Lao in Vietnam call themselves Thay and Thay Duon, speak a Tay-Thai language, live in Dien Bien, Lai Chau and Son La, and keep ancestor altars.
Vietnam's Thai ethnic group includes the Black and White branches, speaks the Tay-Thai language, lives in ban-muong villages, and worships ancestors.
Vietnamese worship customs vary by region and ethnicity through environment, migration, and cultural exchange, not through one practice being more correct.
The Bo Y ethnic group includes the Bo Y and Tu Di subgroups in Ha Giang and Lao Cai, with two language families and distinct worship and festival customs.
Ancient leaf books of the May people, a Chut subgroup, held incantations and ritual texts, and the artisans who can read them have nearly vanished.
The Ba Na live in Gia Lai, Kon Tum and western Binh Dinh, Phu Yen and Khanh Hoa, speak a Mon-Khmer language and keep many community festivals.
Though united as one Kinh ethnic culture, ancestor-worship, wedding, and Tết customs differ substantially across North, Central, and South Vietnam.
The Xo Dang include the Xo Teng, To Dra, Mnam, Ca Dong, Ha Lang, Ta Tri and Chau subgroups in Kon Tum, Quang Nam and Quang Ngai, with worship of Kiak spirits.
Which peoples in Vietnam keep their own New Year apart from Tết Nguyên Đán? The Mông, Hà Nhì, Khmer, Chăm and others, as reported in the press.
The San Diu are one of Vietnam's 54 ethnic groups, speaking a Guangdong Chinese dialect in the northern midlands, with distinctive worship customs.
Explore the sacred forest beliefs of the Pu Péo, an ethnic minority in Hà Giang, to understand their culture, customs, and unique relationship with nature.
The Ngái are one of Vietnam's 54 ethnic groups, with a very small population living scattered across Quảng Ninh, Hải Phòng, Bắc Giang, Lạng Sơn and Cao Bằng.
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The Co Ho live mainly in Lam Dong, speak a Mon-Khmer language, follow a matrilineal system and worship Yang and Cha spirits.
The Nung live mainly in Vietnam's northeastern provinces and speak a Tay-Thai language. Their customs center on ancestor worship and festivals.
The La Ha people live in Yen Bai and Son La, with a 2019 population of 10,157. Their housing, marriage and worship customs are covered here.
The Mnong speak a Mon-Khmer language and live mainly in Dak Lak and Lam Dong, with matrilineal culture and buffalo sacrifice at the new rice festival.
The Brau are one of Vietnam's 54 ethnic groups, living mainly in Kon Tum. This article covers their language, worship customs, festivals and cultural life.
Explore the Dien Bien Ban Flower Festival, a unique cultural event recreating traditional rituals of Northwest ethnic groups like Thai, Mong, Dao, and Ha Nhi.
The Lự people speak a Tày-Thái language and live mainly in Lai Châu, with worship customs and festivals tied to their own calendar.
The Ê Đê live mainly in Đắk Lắk, southern Gia Lai, western Phú Yên and Khánh Hòa, speak a Malayo-Polynesian language and follow matrilineal customs.
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