The Tho People: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals
The Tho people speak a Việt Mường language and live mainly in western Nghệ An and Thanh Hoá, with their own worship of spirits, ancestors and midwife deities.
Results for "Thổ ethnic group"
What other names does the La Chí ethnic group have?
The self-designation of the La Chí ethnic group is Cù Tê. Other names commonly encountered include Thổ Đen, Mán, Xá, and in the Government's list of names, La Ti and Mán Chí are also recorded. These names come from the way neighbouring groups refer to them or from administrative classification over different periods.
From the article “The La Chí People: Settlement, Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals”
What Makes the Customs of Vietnam's Ethnic Minorities So Distinctive?
Vietnam's ethnic minorities have their own marriage rites, house-building practices and worship, shaped by environment and indigenous beliefs.
Thai Ethnic Group: Residence, Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals
Vietnam's Thai ethnic group includes the Black and White branches, speaks the Tay-Thai language, lives in ban-muong villages, and worships ancestors.
Tay Ethnic Group: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs, and Main Festivals
The Tay are Vietnam's largest ethnic minority. They live in northeastern valleys, speak a Tay-Thai language, worship ancestors, and hold long tong festivals.
The Nung People: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs, and Main Festivals
The Nung live mainly in Vietnam's northeastern provinces and speak a Tay-Thai language. Their customs center on ancestor worship and festivals.
The Lao Ethnic Group: Residence, Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals
The Lao in Vietnam call themselves Thay and Thay Duồn, speak a Tay-Thai language, live in Điện Biên, Lai Châu and Sơn La, and keep ancestor altars.
Khmer Ethnic Group: Residence, Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals
The Khmer (Khơ Me) numbered 1,319,652 in the 2019 survey, live mainly in the Mekong Delta, speak a Mon-Khmer language, and worship Buddha and ancestors.
The Bo Y Ethnic Group: Residence, Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals
The Bo Y ethnic group includes the Bo Y and Tu Dí subgroups in Hà Giang and Lào Cai, with two language families and distinct worship and festival customs.
The Mountain and Forest Spirit Worship of the Ruc People (Chut Ethnic Group)
The Ruc, a Chut subgroup in the Trường Sơn mountains, worship mountain and forest deities and hold that the dead return to the sacred forest.
Dao Ethnic Group: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals
The Dao are one of Vietnam's 54 ethnic groups. Where they live, their Hmong-Dao language, ancestor and Bàn Vương worship, and cap sac rites.
Muong Ethnic Group: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals
The Muong ethnic group speaks a Viet-Muong language and lives mainly in Hòa Bình, Thanh Hóa and Phú Thọ, with mo epics, festivals and worship customs.
The Ma Ethnic Group: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals
The Ma live in Lâm Đồng and Đồng Nai, speak a Mon-Khmer language with no script, worship Yang spirits and hold a buffalo sacrifice after harvest.
The Mang Ethnic Group: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals
The Mang are one of Vietnam's 54 ethnic groups, living mainly in Lai Châu and speaking a Mon-Khmer language. Their worship customs and festivals are covered.
The Cong Ethnic Group: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals
Vietnam's Cong people live mainly in Lai Châu, speak a Tibeto-Burman language and keep ancestor worship and their own festivals.
Ba Na Ethnic Group: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals
The Ba Na live in Gia Lai, Kon Tum and western Bình Định, Phú Yên and Khánh Hoà, speak a Mon-Khmer language and keep many community festivals.
Xơ Đăng Ethnic Group: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals
The Xơ Đăng include the Xơ Teng, Tơ Đrá, Mnam, Ca Dong, Ha Lăng, Tà Trĩ and Chau subgroups in Kon Tum, Quảng Nam and Quảng Ngãi, with worship of Kiak spirits.
The Hoa (also called Han) ethnic group: residence, language, worship customs, and main festivals
The Hoa (Han) are one of Vietnam's 54 ethnic groups: where they live, their language, ancestor worship customs, and festivals like Tết Nguyên tieu.
The O Du Ethnic Group: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals
The O Du people speak a Mon-Khmer language and live mainly in Tương Dương, Nghệ An, known for the thunder welcoming festival and the house spirit cult.
The Mong ethnic group (also called Meo, H'Mong): residence, language, worship customs, and main festivals
The Mong ethnic group (Meo, H'Mong) had 1,393,547 people in the 2019 census, including White, Flowered, Red, Black, and Green Mong subgroups.
The Sán Dìu Ethnic Group: Where They Live, Their Language, Customs of Worship and Main Festivals
The Sán Dìu are one of Vietnam's 54 ethnic groups, speaking a Guangdong Chinese dialect in the northern midlands, with distinctive worship customs.
Why do worship customs differ across regions and ethnic groups in Vietnam?
Vietnamese worship customs vary by region and ethnicity through environment, migration, and cultural exchange, not through one practice being more correct.
Vietnam's Community of 54 Ethnic Groups: Official List, Distribution and Shared Cultural Traits
Vietnam recognises 54 ethnic groups under the 1979 official list, with the Kinh majority and 53 minority groups spread across all regions.
National Mong Ethnic Culture Festival: Highland Colors Converge
The National Mong Ethnic Culture Festival rotates among provinces with large Mong populations. Its 4th edition is in Điện Biên in October 2026.
Which ethnic groups in Vietnam celebrate their own New Year separately from Tết Nguyên Đán?
Which peoples in Vietnam keep their own New Year apart from Tết Nguyên Đán? The Mông, Hà Nhì, Khmer, Chăm and others, as reported in the press.
The Chut People: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals
The Chut people of Vietnam include the May, Ruc, Sach, Arem and Mã Liềng subgroups, living mainly in the mountains of Quảng Bình.
The Cờ Lao People: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs, and Main Festivals
The Cờ Lao live mainly in Hà Giang and speak a Ka Đai language. They worship ancestors, the earth god, and rice spirits.
The Lự People: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs, and Main Festivals
The Lự people speak a Tày-Thái language and live mainly in Lai Châu, with worship customs and festivals tied to their own calendar.
The Ê Đê People: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals
The Ê Đê live mainly in Đắk Lắk, southern Gia Lai, western Phú Yên and Khánh Hòa, speak a Malayo-Polynesian language and follow matrilineal customs.
The Lô Lô People: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals
The Lô Lô live in Hà Giang, Cao Bằng and Lào Cai, speak a Tibeto-Burman language, and are split into the Flowery Lô Lô and Black Lô Lô.
Worship of Thổ Công and Thổ Địa: Household Land-Guardian Deities
Thổ Công and Thổ Địa guard the land of a Vietnamese home, distinct from the wealth-focused Thần Tài, worshipped as a triad with Thổ Kỳ.
Thổ Tú Star in Cửu Diệu: Meaning in Folk Beliefs
Thổ Tú is one of the 9 governing stars in Cửu Diệu, classified as a neutral star. This article analyzes its meaning, influence, and the ritual to appease it.
Hung Kings Temple Festival (Phú Thọ): Origins and Distinctive Features
Origins, rituals and cultural values of the Hung Kings Temple Festival in Phú Thọ, held on the 10th day of the third lunar month to honor the Hung Kings.
Traditional Tet customs of the Dao Quần Chẹt people in Phú Thọ
Tet customs of the Dao Quần Chẹt people in Phú Thọ include making chung and day cakes, ancestor worship, and community rituals that mark the new year.
Muong Ethnic Wedding Customs
Explore the unique wedding customs of the Muong people in Thanh Hóa: from elopement and ancestor worship to bride-price negotiations and wedding day taboos.
What is Lộ Bàng Thổ (Roadside Earth) in the Sexagenary Cycle? Five Elements Meaning
Lộ Bàng Thổ is the nay am of Canh Ngọ and Tân Mùi years in the Sexagenary Cycle, part of the Earth element in Zi Wei Dou Shu.
What is Đại Trạch Thổ (Great Estate Earth) in the Sexagenary Cycle? Five Elements Meaning
Explore Đại Trạch Thổ (Great Estate Earth) in the Sexagenary Cycle: origins, Five Elements characteristics, compatible colors, directions and applications.
How Are Thiên Thọ and Thiên Tài Placed and What Do They Say on a Chart?
Thiên Tài and Thiên Thọ are placed from the Mệnh and Thân palaces by year branch. The two Earth stars meet when Mệnh and Thân share a palace.
What is Sa Trung Thổ (Sand-in-the-Earth) in the Sexagenary Cycle? Five Elements Meaning
Sa Trung Thổ is the nayin for Bính Thìn and Đinh Tỵ years, tied to Earth yet carrying golden sand. It covers origin and feng shui colors.
The "ngu mai" (communal sleeping) custom in courtship and marriage of the Tho people in Nghệ An
The "ngu mai" custom of the Tho people in Nghệ An lets young men and women talk overnight at festivals, strictly governed by customary law before marriage.
What is Thành Đầu Thổ (City-Head Earth) in the Sexagenary Cycle, and its Five Elements meaning
Thành Đầu Thổ covers the Mậu Dần and Kỷ Mão years. See its Earth element traits, feng shui colors, and generation and control notes.
What is Bích Thượng Thổ (Earth on Wall) in the Sexagenary Cycle, and its Five Elements meaning
Bích Thượng Thổ (Earth on Wall) is the nay am for Canh Tý and Tân Sửu years, in the Earth element. It means protection and shelter.
What is Ốc Thượng Thổ (Upper House Earth) in the Sexagenary Cycle, and its Five Elements Meaning
Ốc Thượng Thổ is the Na Am of Bính Tuất and Đinh Hợi, an Earth element. It covers Five Elements meaning, traits, and feng shui directions.
The Rong House in the Cultural Life of the Central Highlands Ethnic Groups
The Rong house is the cultural and spiritual heart of Central Highlands villages, hosting rituals, dispute resolution, and production planning.
Year-end altar cleansing (bao sái bàn thờ): which day, who does it, and what is the sequence?
Year-end altar cleaning in Vietnam is usually done after the Kitchen Gods rite and before New Year's Eve, by the householder, in three steps.
Tet Doi: The Festival of Inviting the Rice Goddesses Back to the Village of the Muong People in Phú Thọ
Tet Doi is a festival of the Muong people in Thu Cúc commune, Phú Thọ, to invite the 'rice maidens' back to the village.
The Co Tu People: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs and Major Festivals
The Co Tu live in the Trường Sơn mountains of Quảng Nam and Thừa Thiên Huế, speak a Mon-Khmer language, and hold buffalo sacrifice and reburial rites.
The Hre People: Where They Live, Their Language, Worship Customs and Main Festivals
The Hre live in western Quảng Ngãi and An Lão in Bình Định, speak a Mon-Khmer language and hold the buffalo sacrifice as their largest rite.
Festivals and folk beliefs of the 54 ethnic groups of Vietnam
Festivals, rites and worship customs of the 54 ethnic groups of Vietnam, one row per festival, with each group's home region and language family. Extracted from 54 Nhật Nguyệt articles; every row cites the article it came from.
Types of Vietnamese offering rites
155 types of Vietnamese offering rites in 15 groups, from ancestor and death-anniversary rites, Tết and the festivals of the year to funerals, communal houses and temples, and the rites of ethnic communities; each with alternative names, timing, recipients, a short description, classification axes (cycle, social setting, beings worshipped, tradition, ethnic group, cultural region), a structured date and sourced passages on its customs. It is the key table for Nhật Nguyệt's datasets on offering prayers and rite customs.
Vietnamese offering procedures
407 rows of offering procedures: each row is how one rite is performed in one region within one tradition, with timing, place of offering, officiant, offerings with catalogue codes, order of steps, things to avoid and practical notes, plus the addresses of the source pages or the titles of source books. Where sources disagree is recorded in the ghi_chu column.
Vietnamese offering prayers (văn cúng)
456 prayers, orations, petitions and repentance verses in use, in print and online in Vietnam, one text per row with its rite type, part of the rite, region, tradition, text family, variants and fill-in slots. The wording is kept in Vietnamese as the source gives it; 348 texts carry the name and address of the source page, 108 are collected texts whose source is not named.