How do Vietnamese and ethnic minority soul-calling and spirit-calling rituals work?
Soul-calling rites after illness, a fall, fright or a long journey: who performs them, the offerings, how the calling is done, and how ethnic groups differ.
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The practitioner is called a cô hồn, who worships Ông Chiều and Bà Di. According to Phan Kế Bính in Việt Nam phong tục (1915), any household with a deceased person usually invites a cô hồn to the home to call the soul, with offerings including a tray of betel and a sum of money.
From the article “How do Vietnamese and ethnic minority soul-calling and spirit-calling rituals work?”
Soul-calling rites after illness, a fall, fright or a long journey: who performs them, the offerings, how the calling is done, and how ethnic groups differ.
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