Traditional Vietnamese Funeral Customs and Their Meaning
Explore the main rites of a traditional Vietnamese funeral, from encoffining and mourning attire to burial and the 49-day rites, and their cultural meaning.
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Explore the main rites of a traditional Vietnamese funeral, from encoffining and mourning attire to burial and the 49-day rites, and their cultural meaning.
Folk belief holds that a funeral brings cold air affecting the living, so the sick stay away. Eastern medicine links this to yin-yang imbalance.
When to burn the mourning scarf in Vietnamese custom: the 49-day, 100-day and death anniversaries, plus the rites of removing mourning.
The Pơ Thi grave-leaving ceremony of the Gia Rai marks the end of the bond between the living and the dead, with tomb-house statues rich in culture.
Explore the deep meaning of the Death card in Tarot: the symbolism of the white horse, rising sun, and its message of transformation, endings, and rebirth.
The rites after a Vietnamese funeral: the ngu rites, the 49th and 100th days, tiểu tường, đại tường and the end of mourning, as old ritual books record.
Funeral rites in northern Vietnam, from shrouding and encoffining to thành phục, the burial and the ngu rites that follow, as old ritual books record.
What to do when a family member dies: the order of a traditional Vietnamese funeral, from shrouding and mourning dress to burial and the later rites.
Hue funerals are a meticulous ritual system expressing filial piety and sacred farewell, now facing renewal under Decision 2322/QD-UBND to fit urban life.
Explore the deep cultural significance of traditional Vietnamese funerals, common burial forms, and trends of change in modern society.
Mo Muong funeral verses guide the soul back to the ancestors in Muong Troi, with the Mo master as a bridge and ethical values for descendants.
What is distinctive about funerals in Huế: the âm công bearers and their dress, the order of rites, and the city rule on how long a wake may last.
H'Mông (Mông) animist beliefs in highland Vietnam, where khèn masters guide souls in funeral rites and the Gầu Tào festival honours children.
Trùng tang, the hour of coffining and avoided burial days are folk beliefs from Bắc Kỳ; anthropology reads them as easing unease when someone dies.
Phong tục in English is custom, tập quán is usage, and truyền thống is tradition. See how the three differ, plus a vocabulary table of Vietnamese customs.
Vietnamese life-cycle rituals mark birth, coming of age, marriage, death and remembrance, with ceremonies shared by many ethnic groups.
Giỗ đầu (tiểu tường) is the first death anniversary, with a tray of cơm úp, boiled egg, chicken, xôi and vàng mã, more solemn than an ordinary giỗ.
Hanoi death anniversaries, weddings and funerals run on unspoken rules of hierarchy, invitations and conduct, rooted in the elegant Trang An character.
The Pu Peo number 903 people as of 2019, living in Ha Giang and speaking a Ka Dai language. Learn their worship customs, weddings, funerals and Tet festivals.
The Lo Lo live in Ha Giang, Cao Bang and Lao Cai, speak a Tibeto-Burman language, and are split into the Flowery Lo Lo and Black Lo Lo.
Explore traditional Vietnamese Tet taboos: avoiding sweeping, giving fire, breaking things... and the spiritual meanings behind these customs.
The Tho people speak a Viet Muong language and live mainly in western Nghe An and Thanh Hoa, with their own worship of spirits, ancestors and midwife deities.
The Giay live mainly in Lao Cai, Ha Giang and Lai Chau, speak a Thai-Kadai language, and keep an altar with three incense bowls.
The Co Lao live mainly in Ha Giang and speak a Ka Dai language. They worship ancestors, the earth god, and rice spirits.
Tuần thất is seven weekly offerings over 49 days; the 49th day is chung thất; the 100th day is tốt khốc, the end of weeping. Origins and how each is done.
The La Hu live mainly in Muong Te, Lai Chau, and speak a Tibeto-Burman language. Their ancestor worship and main festivals are described here.
The Xo Dang include the Xo Teng, To Dra, Mnam, Ca Dong, Ha Lang, Ta Tri and Chau subgroups in Kon Tum, Quang Nam and Quang Ngai, with worship of Kiak spirits.
The Lao in Vietnam call themselves Thay and Thay Duon, speak a Tay-Thai language, live in Dien Bien, Lai Chau and Son La, and keep ancestor altars.
The Chu Ru are one of Vietnam's 54 ethnic groups, living in Lam Dong and Ninh Thuan and speaking a Malayo-Polynesian language.
The Bru - Van Kieu people number 94,598 and live along the Truong Son range in Quang Binh, Quang Tri, and Thua Thien Hue.
The Si La people live in Muong Te, Lai Chau, speak a Tibeto-Burman language, worship ancestors, and hold the altar rite, New Year and new rice festivals.
The Mnong speak a Mon-Khmer language and live mainly in Dak Lak and Lam Dong, with matrilineal culture and buffalo sacrifice at the new rice festival.
Giỗ hết đại tường marks the end of two years of mourning. It covers the offering tray, how to arrange it, and the sequence for xả tang in Vietnamese custom.
The Tày of Cao Bằng, Lạng Sơn and Tuyên Quang keep Then singing, the tính lute, and the Lồng Tồng festival, a heritage UNESCO inscribed in 2019.
The Pà Thẻn live in Hà Giang and Tuyên Quang and speak a Hmông-Dao language. Their customs include ancestor worship and the new rice ceremony.
The Cho Ro live in Dong Nai's low mountains, speak a Mon-Khmer language, and hold a yearly rice spirit rite plus a forest spirit rite every three years.
The Muong ethnic group speaks a Viet-Muong language and lives mainly in Hoa Binh, Thanh Hoa and Phu Tho, with mo epics, festivals and worship customs.
Heonik Kwon's ethnography shows how offerings to wandering souls in Quang Nam and Quang Ngai help communities live with wartime memory.
Explore common Vietnamese folk taboos during pregnancy and postpartum, explaining their origins and modern scientific perspectives.
Am Trach is grave feng shui, judged by huyen, minh duong and thuy khau, unlike Duong Trach for the living. It covers Pham Dinh Ho's view and cai tang.
Poet, physician, teacher, author of the narrative poem Lục Vân Tiên and Văn tế nghĩa sĩ Cần Giuộc
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