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Funeral rites in northern Vietnam, from shrouding and encoffining to thành phục, the burial and the ngu rites that follow, as old ritual books record.
Mo Muong funeral verses guide the soul back to the ancestors in Muong Troi, with the Mo master as a bridge and ethical values for descendants.
Explore the main rites of a traditional Vietnamese funeral, from encoffining and mourning attire to burial and the 49-day rites, and their cultural meaning.
What to do when a family member dies: the order of a traditional Vietnamese funeral, from shrouding and mourning dress to burial and the later rites.
The Pơ Thi grave-leaving ceremony of the Gia Rai marks the end of the bond between the living and the dead, with tomb-house statues rich in culture.
Southern Vietnamese funerals in press accounts: nhập quan, phát tang, cúng vong, ritual music, động quan and hạ huyệt, and where sources cover one locality.
Funeral customs across Northern, Central and Southern Vietnam differ in coffin size, burial timing and reburial, with Hue royal culture shaping Central rites.
Folk belief holds that a funeral brings cold air affecting the living, so the sick stay away. Eastern medicine links this to yin-yang imbalance.
Hue funerals are a meticulous ritual system expressing filial piety and sacred farewell, now facing renewal under Decision 2322/QD-UBND to fit urban life.
Vietnamese life-cycle rituals mark birth, coming of age, marriage, death and remembrance, with ceremonies shared by many ethnic groups.
Explore the deep cultural significance of traditional Vietnamese funerals, common burial forms, and trends of change in modern society.
When to burn the mourning scarf in Vietnamese custom: the 49-day, 100-day and death anniversaries, plus the rites of removing mourning.
The Ê Đê of Đắk Lắk follow a matrilineal system and worship the Yang spirits. Their grave-abandonment rite sends the dead to the ancestors.
H'Mông (Mông) animist beliefs in highland Vietnam, where khèn masters guide souls in funeral rites and the Gầu Tào festival honours children.
Trùng tang, the hour of coffining and avoided burial days are folk beliefs from Bắc Kỳ; anthropology reads them as easing unease when someone dies.
The Pu Peo number 903 people as of 2019, living in Ha Giang and speaking a Ka Dai language. Learn their worship customs, weddings, funerals and Tet festivals.
The Xtieng speak a Mon-Khmer language and live mainly in Binh Phuoc. Their residence, language, worship customs, and main festivals are covered here.
Hanoi death anniversaries, weddings and funerals run on unspoken rules of hierarchy, invitations and conduct, rooted in the elegant Trang An character.
The Tày of Cao Bằng, Lạng Sơn and Tuyên Quang keep Then singing, the tính lute, and the Lồng Tồng festival, a heritage UNESCO inscribed in 2019.
The Co Lao live mainly in Ha Giang and speak a Ka Dai language. They worship ancestors, the earth god, and rice spirits.
The La Hu live mainly in Muong Te, Lai Chau, and speak a Tibeto-Burman language. Their ancestor worship and main festivals are described here.
The Pà Thẻn live in Hà Giang and Tuyên Quang and speak a Hmông-Dao language. Their customs include ancestor worship and the new rice ceremony.
The Bru - Van Kieu people number 94,598 and live along the Truong Son range in Quang Binh, Quang Tri, and Thua Thien Hue.
The Lao in Vietnam call themselves Thay and Thay Duon, speak a Tay-Thai language, live in Dien Bien, Lai Chau and Son La, and keep ancestor altars.
Heonik Kwon's ethnography shows how offerings to wandering souls in Quang Nam and Quang Ngai help communities live with wartime memory.
The steps of bốc mộ cải táng as Phan Kế Bính records them: telling the ancestors, opening the grave, gathering the bones and reburial; current rules.
The Xo Dang include the Xo Teng, To Dra, Mnam, Ca Dong, Ha Lang, Ta Tri and Chau subgroups in Kon Tum, Quang Nam and Quang Ngai, with worship of Kiak spirits.
The Ra Glai live in south-central Vietnam, speak a Malayo-Polynesian language, and hold farming rituals and worship customs.
The Si La people live in Muong Te, Lai Chau, speak a Tibeto-Burman language, worship ancestors, and hold the altar rite, New Year and new rice festivals.
The Muong ethnic group speaks a Viet-Muong language and lives mainly in Hoa Binh, Thanh Hoa and Phu Tho, with mo epics, festivals and worship customs.
Giỗ đầu (tiểu tường) is the first death anniversary, with a tray of cơm úp, boiled egg, chicken, xôi and vàng mã, more solemn than an ordinary giỗ.
Tuần thất is seven weekly offerings over 49 days; the 49th day is chung thất; the 100th day is tốt khốc, the end of weeping. Origins and how each is done.
The Dao are one of Vietnam's 54 ethnic groups. Where they live, their Hmong-Dao language, ancestor and Ban Vuong worship, and cap sac rites.
The San Diu are one of Vietnam's 54 ethnic groups, speaking a Guangdong Chinese dialect in the northern midlands, with distinctive worship customs.
Phong tục in English is custom, tập quán is usage, and truyền thống is tradition. See how the three differ, plus a vocabulary table of Vietnamese customs.
Mo Muong, the Muong people's folk belief, and its epic 'Đẻ đất đẻ nước' form a cultural and historical treasure proposed for UNESCO recognition.
Vietnamese customs and traditions are habits and rituals passed down through generations. Here is their definition, origins, and key Tet practices.
The Khơ Mú speak a Mon-Khmer language and live in Yên Bái, Sơn La, Lai Châu, Thanh Hóa and Nghệ An, worshipping five spirits.
The Giay live mainly in Lao Cai, Ha Giang and Lai Chau, speak a Thai-Kadai language, and keep an altar with three incense bowls.
Giỗ hết đại tường marks the end of two years of mourning. It covers the offering tray, how to arrange it, and the sequence for xả tang in Vietnamese custom.
How long is mourning, and which mourning dress goes with each degree of kinship? The rules in three old Vietnamese ritual books, up to trừ phục.
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