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Three early 20th century recorders found fortune telling, day selection and mediumship widespread in northern Vietnam, each seeing them differently.
Explore the main rites of a traditional Vietnamese funeral, from encoffining and mourning attire to burial and the 49-day rites, and their cultural meaning.
Vietnamese customs and traditions are habits and rituals passed down through generations. Here is their definition, origins, and key Tet practices.
Cốc Vũ, the sixth solar term beginning 19 or 20 April, marks the rains that feed the rice. Its calculation, meaning and folk customs are explained.
Vietnamese worship customs vary by region and ethnicity through environment, migration, and cultural exchange, not through one practice being more correct.
Duck, squid, banana, shrimp, snail and fertilized duck eggs are avoided at new year in Vietnamese folk belief, which links them to bad luck.
The tale of Mỵ Châu and Trọng Thủy as recorded in Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư and Việt Nam sử lược, with the comments of the old historians on it.
The wedding customs of the Black Thai in Sơn La include free courtship, a trial groom service, and the Tằng cẩu hair-bunning rite.
Ba Na weddings in Gia Lai feature alternating residence between both families and a wedding night spent awake keeping the flame alive.
Cơ Tu weddings follow a strict process from the Ganoo proposal to the Zum ceremony, with buffalo dowries, lyrical chanting and communal dancing.
Cúng giỗ vọng and gửi giỗ: per Toan Ánh, those far from home send offerings to the head of the family and also make an offering from afar.
Vietnam's ethnic minorities have their own marriage rites, house-building practices and worship, shaped by environment and indigenous beliefs.
Discover the unique husband-proposing rituals of the Ê Đê people in the Central Highlands, where women take the lead in marriage.
The Si La people in Lai Châu celebrate Tet early, timing it to the harvest and peach blossoms, with black pig rituals and double chung cakes.
Tet customs of the Dao Quần Chẹt people in Phú Thọ include making chung and day cakes, ancestor worship, and community rituals that mark the new year.
Red Dao weddings in Tả Phìn, Sa Pa, have the bride walk to the groom's house alone, with days of rituals and a horn and drum team.
The Dao people in Tuyên Quang see wedding date selection as vital for marital happiness, matching ages by yin-yang and five elements.
Tết in Sài Gòn: the Nguyễn Huệ flower market from 1960 and flower street from 2004, the flower boats of Bình Đông wharf, and how families keep Tết.
The Buddhist revival in Vietnam from the 1920s: three regional associations, their journals, and the books of Trần Trọng Kim and Phan Văn Hùm.
Buying salt and carrying water at Tết are luck-seeking customs: lucky salt on the first morning in the north, hired carriers bringing water like money.
The first outing and calligraphy of the new year are Vietnamese luck-bringing customs. See how times and directions are chosen by lunar calendar and deities.
Kin Pang Then is the early-spring rite of the White Thái, led by Then masters to thank the spirits and their disciples; it is held in Mường Lay, Điện Biên.
The Sán Dìu are one of Vietnam's 54 ethnic groups, speaking a Guangdong Chinese dialect in the northern midlands, with distinctive worship customs.
Luy Lâu is seen as one of the earliest places Buddhism reached Giao Châu, linked with chùa Dâu, the Tứ Pháp cult and Mâu Tử's Lý hoặc luận.
How to prepare the offering tray and perform the Kitchen Gods' ritual on the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, following regional customs.
The numerology system that reads core numbers from names and birth dates took shape in America in the early 20th century with L. Dow Balliett.
A comparison of the Fuxi and King Wen bagua arrangements, their origins, trigram positions, meanings, and uses in feng shui and the I Ching.
Phong tục in English is custom, tập quán is usage, and truyền thống is tradition. See how the three differ, plus a vocabulary table of Vietnamese customs.
Vietnamese custom does not require the 49th-day memorial on the exact day. Many families hold it early or late, choosing the nearest date.
H'Mong wedding customs form a complex chain of rituals led by a matchmaker, from the proposal to multi-day ceremonies with ritual songs and symbolic gifts.
How did Hanoians celebrate Tết from the early 20th century to today? From Hàng Lược flower market and offering trays to ration coupons and the market now.
Vietnamese Lunar New Year customs: the Kitchen Gods send-off, New Year's Eve rites, first-footing, and lucky money, with the meaning behind each.
Wedding customs in Northern, Central and Southern Vietnam differ in offerings and rituals, from young rice cakes to betel leaves and areca nuts.
Is offering the First Full Moon on the 13th or 14th lunar day acceptable, where does the early custom come from, and what should the tray include?
Tarot 8 of Swords: its symbolism, mental self-bondage, and advice for upright and reversed positions in readings, showing how perception creates barriers.
Nào Pê Chầu, the Mông New Year, falls a month before Tết Nguyên Đán: sweeping the soot, the Xử Ka offering, the year-end meal and fetching new water.
Explore the in-depth meaning of the Seven of Cups: the symbolism of cups in the clouds, choices, illusions, and advice when this card appears in a spread.
Explore the in-depth meaning of the 8 of Wands in Tarot: its symbolism, swift movement, sudden news, and practical life advice.
The Five of Cups Tarot card means sadness, regret and loss, yet two standing cups behind show hope not yet gone. It invites acceptance and healing.
An in-depth exploration of the 4 of Cups: Rider-Waite symbolism, upright and reversed meanings in love, career, and psychological advice to overcome apathy.
Explore the in-depth meaning of the Three of Swords Tarot card: the pierced heart symbolism, pain, harsh truths, and the healing journey.
Explore the symbolism and in-depth meaning of the Five of Swords Tarot card: conflict, defeat, hollow victory, and the path to healing.
Explore the detailed symbolism, upright and reversed meanings, and practical applications of the Six of Cups card in Tarot spreads.
Vietnamese cultural history appears through village spirit worship, Thành hoàng veneration, the Mother Goddess religion and the Hán Nôm archive.
The Kinh (Viet) are 86.83% of Vietnam's population and speak Vietnamese of the Việt Mường group. Their villages and ancestor worship are covered here.
Thành Hoàng is the guardian deity believed to protect each Vietnamese village, worshipped at the communal đình. Its origins, deity types and royal decrees.
Vietnamese Buddhism over nearly twenty centuries: the Luy Lâu centre, fusion with local beliefs, the Lý and Trần flourishing.
Vietnam's traditional crafts include bronze casting, silk weaving, conical hats, incense, drums, pottery and folk paintings, tied to craft villages.
Chữ Nôm is the writing system Vietnamese people built from Chinese character material to record their own language, still seen on hoành phi and câu đối.
Khan Dong and Ao The were formal wear for Vietnamese men, reflecting elegance and propriety, now revived for Tet, weddings and ceremonies.
Nhật Nguyệt is the Sino-Vietnamese pair for sun and moon, symbolizing yin and yang, time, and the cosmos in East Asian culture.
