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Spirit chronicles and imperial edicts show how villages and the state shaped the Thành Hoàng, and why Southern communal houses worship other origins too.
Folk belief is not science, but that does not make it worthless. The right way to read it is as cultural heritage, a symbolic language of community.
Vietnamese folk belief includes ancestor worship, deity worship, Mother Goddess religion, agricultural beliefs, and rituals of many ethnic groups.
The Sóc day opens the lunar month. Vietnamese worship ancestors and deities for a smooth month, a custom rooted in yin-yang philosophy.
Explore the origin and role of the 12 Bà Mụ in Vietnamese folk belief, female deities believed to shape a newborn's body and bestow blessings.
The worship of Ông Tà, a land-protecting deity in Southern Vietnam, comes from the Khmer Neak Ta and reflects Viet-Khmer cultural exchange.
The Ruc, a Chut subgroup in the Trường Sơn mountains, worship mountain and forest deities and hold that the dead return to the sacred forest.
Vietnamese people rarely follow one religion; they layer ancestor worship, Thành hoàng, Mother Goddess, Hùng Vương and farming rites in daily life.
Vía Ngọc Hoàng falls on the 9th day of the first lunar month. How people worship at Chùa Ngọc Hoàng in Ho Chi Minh City, and the temple's history.
Thành Hoàng is the guardian deity believed to protect each Vietnamese village, worshipped at the communal đình. Its origins, deity types and royal decrees.
Explore the sacred forest beliefs of the Pu Péo, an ethnic minority in Hà Giang, to understand their culture, customs, and unique relationship with nature.
Vietnam's 2016 Law on Belief and Religion separates protected belief from banned superstition, with fines and criminal penalties.
The worship of Thần Tài and Ông Địa in Vietnamese culture blends Chinese influence with ancient Thổ Địa beliefs, tracing a shift from farming to trade.
The Bru-Van Kieu of the Trường Sơn mountains follow animism, believing all things have a soul. Shamans link humans to the spirit world in rituals.
Nàng Han, the White Thai heroine who disguised herself as a man to lead 16 Thai regions against invaders, is honored in a festival each lunar year.
Ông Hoàng Bảy, a Le Dynasty general, is worshipped at Bảo Hà Temple in Lào Cai, blending hero veneration with Mother Goddess beliefs.
Folk belief, harmful superstition and pseudoscience differ in nature. Definitions and examples show how to tell cultural faith from fraud.
Practitioners describe căn đồng as a spirit root that forces the trình đồng rite, while anthropologists read it as rebuilding self and social position.
Chu Công giải mộng is an anonymous folk dream-interpretation book, not the Duke of Zhou's work. This piece covers its origins, structure, and how to read it.
By folk custom, the cô hồn tray is set in the yard or before the gate, not indoors, and many homes turn it outward. Timing, regional trays, and taboos.
Year-end tạ đất rites are usually held outdoors in the yard, indoors only in cramped homes; offerings vary by region, with no fixed number of chè bowls.
The main Vu Lan rite falls on lunar 7/15; cô hồn offerings run from the 10th until before noon on the Rằm, often on the 14th evening.
The Hungry Ghost Festival on the 15th day of the 7th lunar month blends Buddhist and Taoist roots, with offerings for wandering spirits.
Ông Địa and Thần Tài are the household deities most often worshipped together in Vietnam. Their origins, meaning, and altar placement.
Cá Ông worship reveres whales as guardian spirits in Vietnamese fishing communities, with roots in the Cham sea god Po Riyak.
The Vía Bà Chúa Xứ festival at Sam Mountain joined UNESCO's heritage list in 2024, blending Kinh, Cham, Khmer and Hoa beliefs.
Dream interpretation in Vietnamese folklore, from spiritual omens to how modern science explains dreams and the subconscious.
Tứ Bất Tử is the collective name for four immortal saints in Vietnamese folk belief: Tản Viên Sơn Thánh, Saint Giong, Chử Đồng Tử, and Holy Mother Lieu Hanh.
Fertility worship in Vietnam, or tín ngưỡng phồn thực, hopes for flourishing life and harvests. It appears in Linga–Yoni symbols and the Trò Trám festival.
The Tày of Cao Bằng, Lạng Sơn and Tuyên Quang keep Then singing, the tính lute, and the Lồng Tồng festival, a heritage UNESCO inscribed in 2019.
The Cham community follows three religious streams: Cham Bàlamôn, Cham Bàni and Chăm Islam, each with its own festivals, from Katê to Ramưwan.
Đạo Mẫu is an indigenous Vietnamese folk belief. It worships Holy Mothers and female deities who govern the universe through the Four Palaces system.
Theravada Buddhism sits at the center of Khmer Krom spiritual life, with the village pagoda and major festivals such as Chôl Chnăm Thmây and Ok Om Bok.
Explore the rain praying festival of the Thai people in Northwest Vietnam: origins, rituals, spiritual meanings, and its role in agricultural community life.
Vietnam's 2016 Law on Belief and Religion separates belief from religion, yet researchers still debate whether Mother Goddess Worship is a religion.
The Phủ Dầy Festival in Nam Định, held in the third lunar month, honors Saint Mother Liễu Hạnh with Chau Van singing and Hau Dong mediumship.
Hue culture blends Nguyen dynasty court ritual with folk belief, Mother Goddess worship, and festivals like the Am Hon ceremony and Huệ Nam Temple festival.
The Nàng Hai Festival of the Tay people in Cao Bằng is a national intangible cultural heritage honoring the Moon Mother and her 12 fairy daughters.
Dinh Cậu Phú Quốc Festival falls on the 15th and 16th of the 10th lunar month, with Nghinh Cậu, Yết Cậu and Chinh Te rituals honouring Chúa Ngọc Nương Nương.
Cầu Ngư festival honors the Whale God in central Vietnam, with fishermen praying for safe seas and good catches through rituals that bind the community.
The Ê Đê of Đắk Lắk follow a matrilineal system and worship the Yang spirits. Their grave-abandonment rite sends the dead to the ancestors.
Bà Chúa Kho of the Ly Dynasty, her legends, the year-opening custom of borrowing luck and the rituals at her temple in Bắc Ninh.
Thôn Cao incense village in Hưng Yên is Northern Vietnam's largest incense-making craft village, its 18th-century craft tied to ancestress Đào Thị Khương.
The Lantern Festival in Chợ Lớn, a national intangible cultural heritage, centers on the belief in Thiên Hậu Thánh Mẫu at ancient assembly halls.
Chúa Thác Bờ in Hòa Bình honours two female generals from the Lê Lợi era who ferried provisions across the Da River for his army.
Northwest Vietnam culture covers ethnic communities, harvest rituals, seasonal festivals and crafts like weaving, embroidery, forging and silver carving.
Famous young music singer of the late 1990s and early 2000s
Festivals, rites and worship customs of the 54 ethnic groups of Vietnam, one row per festival, with each group's home region and language family. Extracted from 54 Nhật Nguyệt articles; every row cites the article it came from.
Vietnamese folk festivals, seasonal feasts and public holidays, each with its fixed lunar or solar date.
155 types of Vietnamese offering rites in 15 groups, from ancestor and death-anniversary rites, Tết and the festivals of the year to funerals, communal houses and temples, and the rites of ethnic communities; each with alternative names, timing, recipients, a short description, classification axes (cycle, social setting, beings worshipped, tradition, ethnic group, cultural region), a structured date and sourced passages on its customs. It is the key table for Nhật Nguyệt's datasets on offering prayers and rite customs.
