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The typical Mother Goddesses and Ladies worshipped in the South of Vietnam include Bà Chúa Xứ, Bà Đen, Bà Thiên Hậu, and Mẹ Quan Âm. These deities are either worshipped as principal figures or jointly worshipped in many religious establishments, tied to major festivals during the year and bearing a character that spans the whole region, going beyond the space of a single locality or a specific ethnic community.
From the article “Southern Vietnamese Culture: Village Communal Houses, the Worship of the Lady Goddesses, Dialect and an Open Way of Life”
Southern Vietnamese culture blends village communal houses, worship of the Lady goddesses and a vivid dialect shaped by frontier settlement.
UNESCO inscribed Mother Goddess Worship of the Three Palaces in 2016, honoring the sky, forest and water Mothers, with Holy Mother Liễu Hạnh at its center.
The Mother Goddess Worship of Tam Phu venerates the Holy Mothers and deities of the universe, guiding people toward a practical life.
Saint Mother Liễu Hạnh, the only female saint among the Four Immortals, is tied to the three descents to earth and to the Three Realms Mother Goddess worship.
The Mother Âu Cơ Temple Festival in Phú Thọ runs on the 6th and 7th of the first lunar month, when female officiants lead rituals.
The Ruc, a Chut subgroup in the Trường Sơn mountains, worship mountain and forest deities and hold that the dead return to the sacred forest.
The Chùa Ông festival on Cù Lao Phố (Thất phủ cổ miếu, Đồng Nai), 9th to 13th of the first lunar month: Quan Công worship, rites, national heritage in 2023.
The worship of Thần Tài and Ông Địa in Vietnamese culture blends Chinese influence with ancient Thổ Địa beliefs, tracing a shift from farming to trade.
Beyond the 23rd-of-Chạp send-off, Táo Quân watches over the hearth and household year-round. Explore the Kitchen God's everyday role and altar practice.
The worship of Ông Tà, a land-protecting deity in Southern Vietnam, comes from the Khmer Neak Ta and reflects Viet-Khmer cultural exchange.
Bà Chúa Kho of the Ly Dynasty, her legends, the year-opening custom of borrowing luck and the rituals at her temple in Bắc Ninh.
Ông Hoàng Bảy, a Le Dynasty general, is worshipped at Bảo Hà Temple in Lào Cai, blending hero veneration with Mother Goddess beliefs.
Ancestor worship is a long-standing Vietnamese custom, a moral standard, and a key part of spiritual life, with altars, death anniversaries, and Tet rituals.
Thổ Công and Thổ Địa guard the land of a Vietnamese home, distinct from the wealth-focused Thần Tài, worshipped as a triad with Thổ Kỳ.
Village communal houses differ across the Northern Delta, the South, and the Mekong Delta waterways in architecture, deities, and festivals.
Chúa Thác Bờ in Hòa Bình honours two female generals from the Lê Lợi era who ferried provisions across the Da River for his army.
The Hung Kings Worship, a UNESCO intangible cultural heritage, reflects Vietnam's tradition of remembering the source when drinking water.
Hue culture blends Nguyen dynasty court ritual with folk belief, Mother Goddess worship, and festivals like the Am Hon ceremony and Huệ Nam Temple festival.
The Sóc day opens the lunar month. Vietnamese worship ancestors and deities for a smooth month, a custom rooted in yin-yang philosophy.
Explore the meaning of The Fool in Tarot and the concept of the Fool's Journey, how the 22 Major Arcana cards narrate the stages of human growth and life.
The Lô Lô people in Hà Giang hold an ancestor worship ceremony, a national intangible heritage, with the Ma Co dance in grass costumes as its highlight.
Tet Nhay (Pút Tồng) is the key Bàn Vương worship ritual of the Red Dao in Lào Cai, tied to migration legends and performed in 11 steps with dances and music.
The Buddhist revival in Vietnam from the 1920s: three regional associations, their journals, and the books of Trần Trọng Kim and Phan Văn Hùm.
Placing The Sun beside The Moon contrasts the light and dark poles of the Major Arcana. What Waite wrote, how the pair is read today, and its limits.
The Phủ Dầy Festival in Nam Định, held in the third lunar month, honors Saint Mother Liễu Hạnh with Chau Van singing and Hau Dong mediumship.
Ok Om Bok is the Khmer moon worship festival in Southern Vietnam, with home and pagoda rituals and the Ghe Ngo boat race in Trà Vinh.
Vietnamese star worship and misfortune resolution (dâng sao giải hạn) at lunar new year: its Taoist origins, cultural meaning, and a Buddhist view.
Ông Hoàng Mười Temple Festival in Nghệ An holds its main ceremony on the 10th day of the tenth lunar month, tied to Mother Goddess worship.
What to bring to a Vietnamese pagoda at New Year: incense, flowers, fruit and other vegetarian offerings, and which altar to pay respects at first.
Cầu Ngư festival honors the Whale God in central Vietnam, with fishermen praying for safe seas and good catches through rituals that bind the community.
Vía Ngọc Hoàng falls on the 9th day of the first lunar month. How people worship at Chùa Ngọc Hoàng in Ho Chi Minh City, and the temple's history.
The story of Lạc Long Quân and Âu Cơ, the sack of one hundred eggs, as recorded in Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư and Đại Nam quốc sử diễn ca, and what is myth.
The Katê Festival in Ninh Thuận centers on the ceremony of receiving Goddess Pô Nưgar's attire, kept by the Raglai and brought down to the Chăm.
Vietnamese cultural history appears through village spirit worship, Thành hoàng veneration, the Mother Goddess religion and the Hán Nôm archive.
Vietnamese ancestor worship varies by region, ethnicity and setting, from the central altar to Cửu huyền thất tổ honored in some southern communal houses.
Explore the in-depth meaning of the Three of Swords Tarot card: the pierced heart symbolism, pain, harsh truths, and the healing journey.
The Six of Swords symbolizes transition: leaving turbulent seas for calmer waters, a journey through difficulty and healing after the storm.
The Two of Cups card signals love, harmony, and equal partnership. Its Rider-Waite imagery points to mutual understanding and healing union in readings.
The 1010 Edict on the Relocation of the Capital describes Đại La as the center of heaven and earth, with the posture of a coiling dragon and crouching tiger.
Northern Vietnamese Tet worship runs from seeing off the Kitchen Gods on the 23rd of the 12th lunar month to welcoming ancestors and the vang ma burning rite.
Explore the in-depth meaning of the Two of Swords Tarot card: its symbolism, psychological state, love, career, and how to interpret it when it appears.
Ede bridal attire is handwoven brocade on a dark indigo base with red and yellow patterns, also a dowry in matrilineal weddings.
Hầu đồng, also called lên đồng or hầu bóng, is the central ritual of Mother Goddess worship in Vietnam, where a medium incarnates the Four Palaces spirits.
Lady Trieu, born Triệu Thị Trinh in 226, led the 248 uprising against Wu rule. Her temple on Gai Mountain, Thanh Hóa, keeps national heritage festivals.
