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Small round bánh trôi represent the 50 children who followed mother Âu Cơ to the mountains, while larger flat bánh chay represent the 50 children who followed father Lạc Long Quân to the sea. They also symbolize fullness, purity, and yin-yang harmony, tied to the legend of the Dragon and Fairy.
The Cold Food Festival on the 3rd day of the 3rd lunar month became a Vietnamese day for offering bánh trôi and bánh chay to ancestors.
Banh Troi and Banh Chay mark Vietnam's Cold Foods Festival on the 3rd day of the 3rd lunar month, a localized day of honoring ancestors with these cakes.
An overview of Vietnamese traditional cuisine by region: Tet dishes, ancestral trays, festivals, vegetarian food and local specialties, with cultural context.
Vietnam's year of festivals and Tet occasions, from Lunar New Year and the first full moon to Mid-Autumn, plus ethnic Tet traditions.
Cốc Vũ, the sixth solar term beginning 19 or 20 April, marks the rains that feed the rice. Its calculation, meaning and folk customs are explained.
The Bo Y ethnic group includes the Bo Y and Tu Dí subgroups in Hà Giang and Lào Cai, with two language families and distinct worship and festival customs.
Tết Nguyên Tiêu, the first full moon of the lunar year, is greatly valued in Vietnamese culture. See why it matters and what to prepare for the offering tray.
Tet cakes differ across Vietnam's three regions: the North has banh chung and banh phu the, the Center has banh to and banh in, the South has banh tet.
The Mother Âu Cơ Temple Festival in Phú Thọ runs on the 6th and 7th of the first lunar month, when female officiants lead rituals.
A vegetarian giỗ uses plant dishes like gỏi cuốn, canh kiểm, bánh bèo and lẩu nấm, fitting when the deceased ate chay or the family follows Buddhism.
Explore the unique wedding customs of the Muong people in Thanh Hóa: from elopement and ancestor worship to bride-price negotiations and wedding day taboos.
Tết in Huế runs from the twelfth lunar month to the seventh of the first: the Thướng tiêu rite, đạp đất, vegetarian offerings and many cakes and preserves.
The Làm Chay Festival in Tầm Vu, Tây Ninh runs on the 15th and 16th of the first lunar month, with rituals welcoming Ong Tieu and more.
Giỗ hết đại tường marks the end of two years of mourning. It covers the offering tray, how to arrange it, and the sequence for xả tang in Vietnamese custom.
Lồng Tồng of the Tày, highland first-furrow festivals, and the Kinh tịch điền rite compared: who organizes each and how the core rite differs.
Ramưwan is the traditional New Year of the Cham Bàni community in Ninh Thuận, a month of grave visiting, ancestral offerings and fasting.
Giỗ đầu (tiểu tường) is the first death anniversary, with a tray of cơm úp, boiled egg, chicken, xôi and vàng mã, more solemn than an ordinary giỗ.
Comparing Lunar New Year of the Kinh, Chôl Chnăm Thmay of the Khmer, and ethnic groups with their own calendars: timing, offerings, rituals, and names.
The 15th day of the 7th lunar month has three offering trays: a vegetarian tray for Buddha, a full tray for ancestors, and one for wandering souls.
Tết Đoan Ngọ worship tray guide: offerings like fermented rice and tro cakes, step-by-step arrangement following regional customs, plus safety notes.
The rite on the afternoon of the 30th of Tet invites ancestors home for the New Year. North, Central and South differ mainly in the feast and the fruit tray.
How to set out Ram thang Gieng (first full moon) offering trays at home: how many trays, vegetarian or savory dishes, order of offering, layout and taboos.
Tet customs in Northern, Central, and Southern Vietnam share roots but differ in dishes and rituals, from banh chung to bitter melon soup.
A guide to preparing New Year's Eve offerings, arranging the outdoor and indoor trays by Vietnamese custom, with safety notes and regional differences.
Tết Đoan Ngọ on 5/5 lunar: what to offer, whom to worship, how the three regions' trays differ, plus the kill-insects custom and worship hour.
A new car blessing usually has flowers, fruit, roast pork or chicken or a vegetarian tray, salt, rice, wine, tea and votive paper, set before the car.
Cúng cơm ba ngày Tết covers the first, second and third day rites: Nguyên đán, Chiêu điện, Tịch điện and the Tạ ceremony, with regional differences.
A step-by-step guide to preparing offerings and arranging the Year-End Tất Niên tray per Vietnamese customs, with the prayer and key notes.
How to prepare the offering tray and perform the Kitchen Gods' ritual on the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, following regional customs.
Many families burn a little votive paper after the year-end offering; the hóa vàng send-off comes on Tet days 3 to 7. The tray can go indoors or outdoors.
The Tho people speak a Việt Mường language and live mainly in western Nghệ An and Thanh Hoá, with their own worship of spirits, ancestors and midwife deities.
Cúng tất niên is the year-end offering that thanks the ancestors and sees off the old year: the day, the trays of three regions, the prayer and its meaning.
Ramưwan, the month of fasting and prayer of the Chăm Bà Ni: grave visiting, ancestral offerings and the retreat of the dignitaries at the mosque.
The Wheel of Fortune Tarot card: its origins, Rider-Waite symbolism, upright and reversed meanings, and links to Eastern philosophy.
Kitchen Gods worship on the 23rd of the last lunar month differs across Vietnam: the North worships early with carp release, the South worships late.
Nào Pê Chầu, the Mông New Year, falls a month before Tết Nguyên Đán: sweeping the soot, the Xử Ka offering, the year-end meal and fetching new water.
Southern Vietnamese culture blends village communal houses, worship of the Lady goddesses and a vivid dialect shaped by frontier settlement.
A detailed step-by-step guide on preparing offerings and arranging the Mid-Autumn Festival tray according to Vietnamese traditions.
A step-by-step guide to preparing offerings and arranging full-month and first-birthday trays for your baby, plus the prayer and regional notes.
A step-by-step guide to shop and company opening ceremony offerings, from preparing the tray to the ritual sequence, with safety notes.
Duck, squid, banana, shrimp, snail and fertilized duck eggs are avoided at new year in Vietnamese folk belief, which links them to bad luck.
The first three lines of a Tử Vi chart give yin yang male female, ngũ hành cục, and bản mệnh nạp âm, and fix the Tử Vi star.
Tứ Hóa are the four stars Hóa Lộc, Hóa Quyền, Hóa Khoa and Hóa Kỵ in Tử Vi astrology, standing for prosperity, power, reputation and adversity.
A catalogue of 232 Vietnamese ritual offerings, from incense, flowers, betel, sticky rice and cakes to meat dishes, votive paper and objects, gathered from the offering names in the procedure rows: names in three languages, other names, group, vegetarian or not, the components of combined trays, and the number of procedure rows and rites using each item. It is the key table for the ma_le_vat column of the nghi-thuc-cung-viet-nam dataset.
