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Spirit chronicles and imperial edicts show how villages and the state shaped the Thành Hoàng, and why Southern communal houses worship other origins too.
Thành Hoàng is the guardian deity believed to protect each Vietnamese village, worshipped at the communal đình. Its origins, deity types and royal decrees.
Kỳ yên at Bình Thủy communal house, Cần Thơ: Thượng điền on the 12th-14th of the fourth lunar month, Hạ điền on the 14th-15th of the twelfth. Rites explained.
Southern Vietnamese culture blends village communal houses, worship of the Lady goddesses and a vivid dialect shaped by frontier settlement.
The Kỳ Yên festival at Thoại Ngọc Hầu communal house in An Giang honors the Nguyen dynasty mandarin who dug the Vĩnh Tế Canal.
Red River Delta culture centres on village life, communal houses, pagodas, village gates and worship. A close look at Đường Lâm, Phù Lưu and Phúc Xá.
Hát Xoan Phú Thọ is ritual singing at the communal house gate to worship the Hung Kings, performed in three stages by four original Xoan guilds in Việt Trì.
Village communal houses differ across the Northern Delta, the South, and the Mekong Delta waterways in architecture, deities, and festivals.
Kim Hoàng paintings are Tết folk prints on red paper, lost after the 1915 flood. They are set apart from Đông Hồ and Hàng Trống.
The Mother Goddess Worship of Tam Phu venerates the Holy Mothers and deities of the universe, guiding people toward a practical life.
The legend of Chử Đồng Tử and Tiên Dung, a poor man and a princess whose love story ends in deification among Vietnam's Four Immortals.
How many incense sticks? Folk custom burns 1, 3 or 5 because odd numbers are yang; Việt Nam phong tục only records one, a few or three to five sticks.
The "ngu mai" custom of the Tho people in Nghệ An lets young men and women talk overnight at festivals, strictly governed by customary law before marriage.
The Nguyễn Trung Trực Memorial Festival in Kiên Giang runs each year from the 26th to 28th of the 8th lunar month, honoring the hero who died in 1868.
Thập Thần are ten relationships of generation and control between the Day Master and the other stems and branches in a Four Pillars chart.
Hầu đồng, also called lên đồng or hầu bóng, is the central ritual of Mother Goddess worship in Vietnam, where a medium incarnates the Four Palaces spirits.
The Sixty Jiazi is a cycle of 60 sexagenary combinations of Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches used to number years, months, days and hours.
Hầu đồng is the spirit mediumship ritual at the heart of Đạo Mẫu, believed to channel the Tứ Phủ deities through a medium.
Đông Tứ Trạch is a group of four dwelling orientations (Kham, Chan, Ly, Ton) in Bát Trạch feng shui, tied to people of Đông Tứ Mệnh.
Dong Chi is the 22nd solar term and the shortest day of the year. For the Chinese community it is Tết Đông Chi, a time for che troi nuoc and ancestor worship.
Explore Giản Hạ Thủy, water under the ravine, one of 30 nạp âm of Lục Thập Hoa Giáp, its Five Elements meaning and applications.
After UNESCO recognition in 2016, medium masters and ban hoi still teach and uphold hau dong norms while adjusting practice to heritage conservation demands.
What Sơn Đầu Hỏa means in Lục Thập Hoa Giáp: its Fire element traits, and how Giáp Tuất and Ất Hợi natives can balance a strong, decisive nature.
Trường Lưu Thủy is the Na Am of Nhâm Thìn and Quý Tỵ years, a Water element like a long flowing river, shaping flexible and profound traits.
Đại Khê Thủy is the nạp âm for Giáp Dần and Ất Mão in Lục Thập Hoa Giáp. It covers its five elements nature and meaning in Tử vi and phong thủy.
Trà Đông bronze casting village in Thanh Hóa, over 1,000 years old, keeps hereditary secrets of clay mold making and alloy blending.
Đại Lâm Mộc is the nạp âm for Mậu Thìn and Kỷ Tỵ years, tied to the Wood element. See its traits and Five Elements meaning in Lục Thập Hoa Giáp.
Explore the cultural significance, rituals, and uniqueness of traditional boat racing festivals across Vietnam, from Kiến Giang river to other regions.
Khan Dong and Ao The were formal wear for Vietnamese men, reflecting elegance and propriety, now revived for Tet, weddings and ceremonies.
Thiên Đồng is the Blessing Star, governing ease and gentleness. Explore its meaning, dignity, and the paradox of hardship turning to blessing.
Nhị thập bát tú trực nhật pairs the 28 mansions with days across seven Giáp Tý cycles of 420 days. Hiệp kỷ biện phương thư records it and criticises it.
Tết Trùng Thập, mùng 10 tháng Mười âm lịch, is the holiday of physicians and spirit mediums and the new rice festival. Its origin, where it survives.
Emperor Quang Trung (Nguyễn Huệ) led the Tây Sơn movement and crushed 290,000 Qing troops at Ngọc Hồi - Đống Đa in 1789.
Lập Đông is the 19th of the 24 solar terms, marking the start of winter and usually falling on 7 or 8 November each year.
Explore the position, characteristics, and physiognomic meaning of Đông Nhạc (left cheekbone) in the Five Peaks system of Eastern physiognomy.
Đông Hồ folk painting, a 500-year craft in Bắc Ninh, uses woodblock printing and natural colors. UNESCO listed it as heritage in need of urgent safeguarding.
Practitioners describe căn đồng as a spirit root that forces the trình đồng rite, while anthropologists read it as rebuilding self and social position.
Đông Sơn bronze drums: their dating, casting techniques, star motifs, Lac birds and frog figures, and what these reveal about ancient Vietnamese beliefs.
Cơ Nguyệt Đồng Lương in Vietnamese Tử Vi: its four stars, the verse tác lại nhân, and the occupations Tử Vi đẩu số tân biên lists for it.
The Chùa Ông festival on Cù Lao Phố (Thất phủ cổ miếu, Đồng Nai), 9th to 13th of the first lunar month: Quan Công worship, rites, national heritage in 2023.
The Đồng Bằng Temple Festival runs from the 20th to 26th of the eighth lunar month in Hưng Yên, honoring King Father Bát Hải Động Đình.
The Yên Tử Festival honours Emperor-Buddha Trần Nhân Tông, founder of the Trúc Lâm Zen sect, with its rituals and spiritual meaning.
The Kinh (Viet) are 86.83% of Vietnam's population and speak Vietnamese of the Việt Mường group. Their villages and ancestor worship are covered here.
Tết in Sài Gòn: the Nguyễn Huệ flower market from 1960 and flower street from 2004, the flower boats of Bình Đông wharf, and how families keep Tết.
The Muong ethnic group speaks a Viet-Muong language and lives mainly in Hòa Bình, Thanh Hóa and Phú Thọ, with mo epics, festivals and worship customs.
The Phủ Dầy Festival in Nam Định, held in the third lunar month, honors Saint Mother Liễu Hạnh with Chau Van singing and Hau Dong mediumship.
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407 rows of offering procedures: each row is how one rite is performed in one region within one tradition, with timing, place of offering, officiant, offerings with catalogue codes, order of steps, things to avoid and practical notes, plus the addresses of the source pages or the titles of source books. Where sources disagree is recorded in the ghi_chu column.
