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The Bắc Kỳ Buddhist Association carried out many reforms, including a campaign to abolish the practice of burning votive paper, as recorded in the newspaper Đuốc Tuệ in 1942. Lê Tâm Đắc (2006) shows that criticism of votive paper originated from within the Buddhist clergy, not only from outside.
From the article “Vietnamese Buddhism Through Periods of Development: From Luy Lâu and the Lý Trần Era to the Lê Nguyễn Period and the Revival Movement”
Vietnamese Buddhism over nearly twenty centuries: the Luy Lâu centre, fusion with local beliefs, the Lý and Trần flourishing.
The Buddhist revival in Vietnam from the 1920s: three regional associations, their journals, and the books of Trần Trọng Kim and Phan Văn Hùm.
Joss paper is a symbolic exchange between the living and ancestors or spirits, covering its origins, len dong rituals and Buddhist critiques.
Hiệp Kỷ Biện Phương Thư records Nguyệt Kỵ and rejects Dương Công kỵ nhật. An analysis of the original Chinese text, separating old rules from folk beliefs.
How the Phi Tinh school reads Hóa Kỵ in Tử Vi: Kỵ nhập, Kỵ xung, Lộc and Kỵ in one palace, and stacked Kỵ, following Từ Tăng Sinh's book.
Luy Lâu is seen as one of the earliest places Buddhism reached Giao Châu, linked with chùa Dâu, the Tứ Pháp cult and Mâu Tử's Lý hoặc luận.
In Kỳ Môn Độn Giáp, Tam Kỳ are Ất, Bính, Đinh, while Lục Nghi are Mậu, Kỷ, Canh, Tân, Nhâm, Quý. Each of the six Giáp hides under one Lục Nghi stem.
Ghost Month in the 7th lunar month: its origins, common folk taboos, and the Buddhist view of Vu Lan as a season of gratitude and filial piety.
Viet Bac and Northeast Vietnam are two names with different scopes. This article analyses Then singing, market fairs, village life and local variations.
The Do Temple Festival in Bac Ninh honors 8 Ly Dynasty kings each year on the 15th day of the third lunar month with palanquin processions.
Hoi Lim is the largest Quan Ho festival in the Kinh Bac region, held on the 13th day of the first lunar month at Lim Hill, Tien Du, Bac Ninh.
The Công Đồng Bắc Lệ Temple Festival in Tân Thành Commune, Lạng Sơn runs from the 18th to 20th of the 9th lunar month, with the palanquin bathing rite.
Kỳ Môn Độn Giáp casts a chart for a moment to assess fortune and misfortune. A full chart stacks four plates on the nine palaces of the Lạc Thư grid.
The Ky Yen festival at Thoai Ngoc Hau communal house in An Giang honors the Nguyen dynasty mandarin who dug the Vinh Te Canal.
2029 is Kỷ Dậu, nạp âm Đại Trạch Thổ: which parents' birth years count as favourable or unfavourable by stem, branch and nạp âm, with a 1984 to 2001 table.
Bác Sỹ is one of the 12 stars of the Bác Sỹ cycle in Tử Vi, placed from Lộc Tồn. Its position, its meaning, and why a chart cannot diagnose illness.
The Tướng Quân star of the Lộc Tồn ring is placed by birth year stem and gender. This covers the counting method and a table for all ten stems.
Ly Thuong Kiet led the Ly Dynasty victory on the Nhu Nguyet River line in 1077, and his temple in Tam Giang, Yen Phong, Bac Ninh honors that legacy.
Thanh Long, third star of the Bác Sĩ cycle from Lộc Tồn, is a Water-element auspicious star. This covers its placement, meaning, and classical readings.
Quan Phù of the Thái Tuế ring and Quan Phủ of the Lộc Tồn ring: how each is placed and what four Vietnamese Tử Vi books say they mean.
Quan họ Bắc Ninh is call-and-response folk singing between liền anh and liền chị of twinned villages, inscribed by UNESCO in 2009.
Hoa Ky in the Four Transformations of Zi Wei Dou Shu: its meaning, position, and how it reads with auspicious or inauspicious stars in the chart.
Nguyên thần generates the Dụng thần, kỵ thần conquers it, cừu thần conquers the nguyên thần and feeds the kỵ thần, as Tăng san bốc dịch defines them.
Da Nang's largest Buddhist festival, Quan The Am at Ngu Hanh Son runs each second lunar month and is national intangible cultural heritage.
Phi hóa: a palace's stem turns a star into Lộc, Quyền, Khoa or Kỵ and sends it to that star's palace. Tự hóa: it does so within itself.
The Con Son - Kiep Bac Festival honors Tran Hung Dao and Nguyen Trai, two figures tied to this land, at a UNESCO World Cultural Heritage site.
Giỗ thường (cát kỵ) yearly rites need no full feast like giỗ đầu or giỗ hết. Core offerings: hương đèn, trầu cau, rượu trà, a bowl of upside-down rice.
The custom of offering a day early is called lễ tiên thường, with the main chính kỵ the next day. Its origin, distinctions and meaning.
The Four Noble Truths and the Noble Eightfold Path are the foundation of Buddhism, analyzed through Pali scriptures, philosophy, and levels of practice.
Lang Son's Ky Cung and Ta Phu Temple Festivals run from the 22nd to the 27th of the first lunar month, when the Quan Lon Tuan Tranh palanquin returns.
Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư opens with the Hồng Bàng era: Kinh Dương Vương, named Lộc Tục, and the realm of Xích Quỷ. The Hán text set beside later histories.
The Bac Si ring holds twelve minor stars, from Loc Ton through Quan Phu, placed forward or backward by yin yang and gender.
Cửu Tinh in Kỳ Môn Độn Giáp are nine stars from Thiên Bồng to Thiên Anh, each tied to a palace and element, while Bát Thần are eight spirits.
Thủy Hỏa Ký Tế (No. 63) is the only hexagram with all six lines in correct position and paired. It teaches small success and a good start but chaotic end.
Tam Thức is Thái Ất, Kỳ Môn Độn Giáp and Lục Nhâm: three old divination arts for affairs of state, of action and of single matters, compared.
Vietnamese star worship and misfortune resolution (dâng sao giải hạn) at lunar new year: its Taoist origins, cultural meaning, and a Buddhist view.
The grave-opening ceremony about three days after burial in southern Vietnam: the offerings, the folk meaning of chick, ladder and sugarcane, a Buddhist view.
Origins of Thiên Đức, Nguyệt Đức and Thiên Cương in day-selection calendars, traced through the Hiệp kỷ biện phương thư.
The five peaks of the face in physiognomy: forehead, chin, nose and the two cheekbones, each named for a mountain in Thần tướng thiết quan đao.
Four traditional Vietnamese house types compared: the northern three-bay house, Hue rường house, Central Highlands rông house and Northwest stilt house.
Duyên phận is a folk way of speaking about meetings as if preordained. Nhân duyên in Buddhism means conditions that give rise to phenomena, not fate.
The Yen Tu Festival honours Emperor-Buddha Tran Nhan Tong, founder of the Truc Lam Zen sect, with its rituals and spiritual meaning.
Why Buddha's Birthday falls on the 8th or the 15th of the fourth lunar month, and how the Vietnam Buddhist Sangha holds Vesak Week each year.
Sun Moon Lamp Light Buddha is the last of twenty thousand Buddhas sharing one title in the Lotus Sutra's opening chapter.
The Buddha altar usually sits higher than the ancestor altar, but the exact layout depends on each home's space and regional or family tradition.
The Grand Memorial for Buddha Emperor Tran Nhan Tong's Parinirvana is held at Cung Truc Lam, Yen Tu and Ngoa Van Pagoda each year.
Lunar memorial days for Shakyamuni Buddha, Guanyin, Ksitigarbha, Manjushri, Samantabhadra and other Bodhisattvas, with origins and practice notes.
Folk belief is not science, but that does not make it worthless. The right way to read it is as cultural heritage, a symbolic language of community.
Từ Đạo Hạnh, Nguyễn Minh Không and Dương Không Lộ in Lĩnh Nam chích quái are tales of wonder about three monks of the Lý era, told as tales.
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